Visit to Korea by a Scientist of Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
Tzachi M. Samocha
Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility, Corpus Christi, Texas 78418, U.S.A.
Professor Tzachi Samocha of Texas A & M University-Corpus Christi visited a number of shrimp research institutes and local shrimp farms in Korea and an aquaculture site in Hainan Island, China from July 14-29, 2003. The purpose of his trip, supported by NOAA, was in three folds: 1) to visit existing shrimp production operations in Korea and China; 2) to help develop sustainable and biosecure shrimp farming practices in Korea; and 3) to evaluate the feasibility of producing the Fenneropenaeus chinensis in Texas.
Professor Samocha visited the West Sea Research Institute in Incheon to give a presentation on the development of sustainable shrimp practices with limited discharge. After this seminar, he visited Jeil Shrimp Farm raising the Fenneropenaeus chinensis. This farm had few earthen ponds and two HDPE-lined ponds that were built with fund from NFRDI. A few days before Professor Samocha's visit, mass shrimp mortality was observed in the earthen ponds. This shrimp mortalitywas attributed to the white spot syndrome virus outbreak. As the HDPE-lined ponds were stocked with WSSV-free postlarvae and because these ponds were maintained with very little water exchange, no shrimp mortality was observed in these ponds. In a meeting with the owner, Professor Samocha discussed different aspects associated with the operation of ponds with limited water discharge with an emphasis on the tolerance of the shrimp to high levels of ammonia and nitrite.
Professor Samocha traveled to theTaean Marine Hatchery Center. During this visit, Professor Samocha had reviewed the management and the system setting used by the Center staff. Recommendations were made in terms of improving growth and survival in the nursery phase with minimal water exchange. In addition, some modifications were made to improve spermatophore transfer and egg fertilization rates in a broodstock population of Litopenaeus vannamei that was kept at the facility. An immediate improvement in spermatophore transfer and fertilization rates was observed the following day. Two slide presentations was given to the staff: one dealt with the use of intensive nursery system with limited discharge and the other on the use of closed recirculating system for induced maturation of penaeid shrimp species.
Professor Samocha visited a shrimp hatchery that maintained a viral pathogen free broodstock population of Litopenaeus vannamei imported from Hawaii. This population was kept in a flow through system without treating the incoming water to avoid introduction of viral-pathogen. In a discussion with the owner following the visit, the significance of using closed recirculating system for induced maturation was emphasized. Recommendations were made to reduce the number of airstones in the maturation tanks to improve reproductive performance. In addition the owner agreed to convert several of his flow-maturation tanks to be operated in a closed recirculating mode.
Professor Samocha visited NFRDI, meeting with the General Director (Dr. Yeon Kang), the Director of the Aquaculture Division, the Director of Aquaculture, and the Head of the Training Department. In all these meetings he discussed the use of sustainable and biosecure shrimp production systems and the potential for expending the cooperation between TAES, Texas A&M University and NFDRI. After this meeting, Professor Samocha traveled with Dr. Inkwon Jang to Haikou, China to visit a fully integrated biosecured shrimp farm that used closed recirculating induced maturation system, larval rearing, intensive nursery system and HDPE-lined grow-out ponds.
Conclusion: In light of the major losses suffered by shrimp farmers in Korea due to viral disease outbreak it was obvious that in order for this industry to survive a biosecure andsustainable shrimp production methods have to be adopted. Conceptual designs for closed recirculating induced maturation system and intensive nursery raceway system were discussed with Dr. In Kwon Jang. One commercial hatchery was interested in converting
part of its flow through maturation tanks into a closed recirculating system. Owners of a recirculating aquaculture system agreed to implement few modifications in their system to improve production. In addition they have expressed an interest in using the limited discharge system for nursery. It was decided that the final conceptual designs for closed recirculating system for the production of marketable size shrimp would be finalized after visiting few facilities in the U.S.
As for future cooperation, Professor Samocha and Dr. Jang had discussed potential ways to increase cooperation between NFDRI, TAES-SMRF and Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. Among the different options discussed were students and researchers exchange programs, organizing seminars, and training programs. With respect to the introduction of the Fenneropenaeus chinensisto Texas, Professor Samocha and Dr. Jang will try to identify funding sources that will enable both countries to evaluate the reproductive performance and the growth potential of this species in West Texas.
A Visit to the U.S. by Two Shrimp Scientists from Korea
In Kwon Jang and Bong Lae Kim
Crustacean Research Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI, Korea
Professor Tzachi Samocha of Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi accompanied two Korean scientists, Drs. In Kwon Jang and Bong Lae Kim of the Taean Marine Hatchery Center, Korea, on travel to shrimp production facilities in Florida, South Carolina, and Texas, USA from September 19-30, 2003. The purpose of the trip, fully supported by MOMAF, was designed to expose Drs. Jang and Kim to biosecure limited discharge shrimp production technology in order for them to decide which technology will be suitable for implementation in South Korea.
Those scientists had meetings with Mr. David McMahon, President, OceanBoy Farms in Florida and visited one of the OceanBoy farms in Little Cypress. Mr. McMahon described the production process of shrimp in low salinity water with an emphasis on biosecurity protocol and sustainability issues. Dr. In Kwon gave a Power Point presentation describing the shrimp farming activities in Korea and the potential use of antibodies to overcome the white spot viral disease. In addition they discussed the potential importation of Fenneropenaeus chinensis to West Texas.
On the way to South Carolina, they visited the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and received a detailed explanation from Dr. Megan of the experimental closed recirculating systems is use. Following this visit they had a meeting with Dr. Peter Van Wyk discussing the use of closed recirculating system for the production of marine shrimp, and visited the Harbor Branch shrimp, an indoor closed recirculating raceway system for the production of the Pacific white shrimp using low salinity water.
They visited the Waddell Mariculture Center, Bluffton, South Carolina. Mr. Al Stokes gave them a tour of the facility with an emphasis on shrimp production with limited discharge in outdoor ponds and greenhouse-enclosed raceways. After this meeting in South Carolina, Drs. Jang and Kim visited the TAES Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility in Corpus Christi. Professor Samocha gave a detailed explanation how the closed recirculating induced maturation system is working and describe the intensive nursery raceway system and the studies conducted in production of marketable shrimp with limited discharge under biosecure conditions. After visiting several other shrimp research facilities in Texas, Dr. Jag gave a presentation at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi describing the status of the shrimp farming industry in South Korea and the potential use of antibodies to overcome the white spot viral outbreak. Conclusion: Dr. Jang and Professor Samocha had a meeting at the TAES facility in Corpus to discus the next phase in the development of biosecure shrimp farming industry in Korea. This discussion included the use of closed recirculating induced maturation system, nursery and grow-out with limited.
A Visit to U.S. by a Scientist from Korea
In Kwon Jang
West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI, Korea
Visiting period: September 20th to November 8th, 2004
Visiting places: Waddell Mariculture Center, Bluffton, South Carolina
Biotechnology Center, Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Shrimp Mariculture Research
Facility, Corpus Christi, Texas.
Dr. In Kwon Jang visited the United States on September 20th to November 8th, 2004, as part of the cooperative activities agreed upon at the 2nd U.S.-Korea Joint Coordination Meeting for Aquaculture Cooperation held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, March 1st, 2004. The purpose of this trip, supported by MOMAF-NOAA Joint Fund, was to exchange knowledge and experience in the area of the biosecure and sustainable shrimp productionpractices, and discuss future cooperative research between two countries. The visit to Waddell Mariculture Center, Bluffton, South Carolina took place from September 20th to September 30th, 2004. During this visit, Dr. Jang met Mr. Al Stokes, Production Manager, who gave a detailed description of the system and management strategies for super intensive shrimp culture in greenhouse-enclosed raceways under limited discharge. During this visit, Dr. Jang had the opportunity to have hands-on experience in operating the system including feed management and feeding, water management and monitoring shrimp performance. He also had the opportunity to participate in the harvest of four HDPE-lined ponds where testing with organic shrimp feed took place. In addition, Dr. Jang was able to visit the Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) in Charleston, South Carolina where Dr. Craig Browdy gave him a tour of the facilities. During the meeting with Dr. Browdy, they have discussed viral infection of wild populations as experienced in Korea and South Carolina and the potential development of antibodies against WSSV. Tentative plans were made to create a research group that will involve researchers from SCDNR, TAES, and NFRDI with an emphasis on development of biosecure shrimp production management in both countries.
On October 1st through the 6th, 2004, Dr. Jang visitedDr. Thomas Tom Chen at the Biotechnology Center, University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut. In their meeting they discussed the potential development of transgenic shrimp in which the antimicrobial peptide (Cecropin B and/or analog CF-17) genes are transferred to boost shrimp resistance to infectious bacterial and viral diseases.
On October 7th through November 6th, 2004, Dr. Jang visited the TAES Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility, in Corpus Christi. Professor Tzachi Samocha provided working space in his office for Dr. Jang and arranged for him to have hands-on experience in shrimp production in HDPE-lined outdoor ponds under limited discharge. In addition, detailed description of the closed recirculating induced-maturation system and the intensive nursery raceway system with limited discharge under biosecure conditions were provided. During his visit to TAES, Dr. Jang attended graduate class, Aquaculture Techniques, given by Dr. Samocha on every Friday and joined a field trip to commercial shrimp farms, hatchery, and shrimp processing plant near Harlingen, Texas on October 14ththrough 15th, 2004. He also visited TAES Shrimp Mariculture Research Lab. in Port Aransas where Mr. William Bray and Dr. Frank Castille gave a detailed tour of the facilities with an emphasis on induced maturation in captivity and the experimental setup available for conducting diet related studies. On October 23rd through the 24th, Dr. Jang participated in harvest of shrimp from outdoor HDPE-lined ponds at the TAES SMRF. The total yield harvested from four 0.2-ha ponds was about 13,000 Lb. During the harvest, Dr. Jang had the opportunity to learn how to use fish-pump to harvest Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
Dr. Jang and Professor Samocha discussed the next phase of in their cooperative research with an emphasis on biosecurity and sustainability of shrimp production technology. They agreed as follows :
1.Dr. Jang will invite Professor Samocha as an Invited Expert to participate in a research project entitled: "Improvement of water quality and disease control in shrimp ponds using probiotic bacteria" funded by MOMAF, Korea. The visit is scheduled to take place from June 1st through the 10th, 2005
2.Dr. Jang will try to work with Dr. Samocha on the development of intensive shrimp culture technology using heterotrophic and limited discharge methods in a current shrimp project funded by NFRDI from
2005; and
3. Drs. Jang and Samocha will try to submit to Korean Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) a bi-national cooperative research proposal for the development of biosecure and sustainable intensive shrimp production technologies.
REPORT OF VISIT TO USA IN 2005
Visitor: Dr. Jong Sheek Kim, Crustacean Research Center, West Sea Fisheries
Research and Development Institute, National Fisheries Research and
Development Institute, Korea
Visiting period: October 20th to November 4th, 2005
Visiting place: Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Shrimp Mariculture Research
Facility, The Texas A&M University System, Corpus Christ, Texas.
Dr. Jong Sheek Kim visited the United States on October 20th through November 4th, 2005, as part of the cooperative activities agreed upon at the 2ndU.S.-Korea Joint Coordination Meeting for Aquaculture Cooperation held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, March 1st, 2004. The purpose of this trip, supported by MOMAF-NOAA Joint Fund, was to exchange knowledge and experience in the area of the biosecure and sustainable shrimp production practices, and discuss future cooperative research between two counties.
The visit to Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility, Corpus Christ, Texas took place from October 20th to November 4th, 2005. During the visit, Dr. Kim met Professor Tzachi Samocha, who gave a detail description of the whole system and the management strategies for the shrimp mariculture such as broodstock maturation, seedling production, nursery rearing and grow-out using super intensive shrimp culture in greenhouse-enclosed raceways and in outdoor lined ponds under limited discharge. Professor Tzachi Samocha also provided working space in his office for Dr. Kim and arranged for him to have hands-on experience to become familiar with the newly developed shrimp mariculture systems. In addition, Dr. Kim and Professor Samocha went over the materials concerning broodstock maturation system used at his place and suggested modifications to be implemented at the maturation facility of the Crustacean Research Center, NFRDI. Dr. Kim attended the graduate school class, Aquaculture Techniques, given by Professor Tzachi Samocha every Friday and participated in the preparations works for the shrimp harvest from the outdoor ponds where a fish pump was used to ease the harvest and maintain good quality of the shrimp.
Korean contact: In Kwon Jang, NFRDI
US contact: Tzachi Samocha, Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility and Texas A&M University-Corpus Christ.
<Summary Report>
The first Korea-U.S. Seminar and Workshop on
the Sustainable Marine Shrimp Culture
August 8-12, 2005
West Sea Fisheries Research Institute
Incheon, Republic of Korea
In Kwon Jang
West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI, Korea
The National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI) of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF) of the Republic of Korea and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States of America co-hosted the 1stKorea-U.S. Seminar and Workshop on the Sustainable Marine Shrimp Culture: Challenges and Opportunities for the Future of Marine Shrimp Farming, in Incheon, Republic of Korea, August 8-12, 2005. The seminar and workshop were organized and facilitated by the West Sea Fisheries Research Institute of NFRDI. The organizers invited four experts from U.S.A. and 14 experts including observers from Korea in the field of shrimp culture (i.e. pathologists, aquaculturists, nutritionists and geneticists. See the participants list in Appendix I). This seminar and workshop was fully supported by MOMAF-NOAA Joint Fund.
The seminar was held in the West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Incheon on August 8, 2005 and the number of attendants was 88 people from institutes, universities, technical service centers, shrimp culture-related companies and shrimp farms. In the seminar four scientists from each country gave eight presentations on shrimp diseases, biosecurity for shrimp farming, shrimp feed and nutrition, sustainable shrimp production technologies and genetics (See Proceedings of Seminar in Appendix IV). During the seminar many questions and discussion were made between speakers and attendants. All presentations and discussion were made in English without interpreters. This seminar aimed to exchange information on the topics of ongoing workshop between scientists of two countries.
On August 9, 2005, Dr. In Kwon Jang and four US scientists visited shrimp feed manufacturer company, shrimp farms and hatchery. They visited CJ feed manufacturer company in Incheon. Dr. Park, CJ Feed Research Institute gave a tour of the feed production facility with an emphasis on shrimp feed nutrition and discussed on feed and nutrition with Dr. Allen Davis. On the way to Duksan, they visited shrimp and swimming crab farms and hatchery of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Litopenaeus vannamei in Seosan, Chungcheongnam-do.
The workshop was held at the Crustacean Research Center under West Sea Fisheries Research Institute in Taean from August 10-11, 2005. Nine panelists including four experts from U.S.A. and five experts from Korea discussed on six topics on shrimp diseases, biosecurity, new technologies and practices, and feed and nutrition. One panelist from each side for each topic gave short introduction using power point presentation and leaded the discussion. About 20 shrimp farmers and researchers also attended at the workshop as observer. After discussion, both counter partners of each topic prepared summary report (See Summary Report of Workshop in Appendix V).
On August 12, 2005, Dr. In Kwon Jang and four U.S. scientists visited the National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), Busan and had a meeting with Mr. Young Kyu Park, director-general of NFRDI. In the afternoon three of U.S. scientists, Dr. Tzachi Samocha, Allen Davis and Craig Browdy, attended the symposium on 'the Present Status of Nutrion Research and the Future of Aquacuture Feed in Korea'organized by Korean Aquaculture Society and gave lectures on shrimp feed and nutrition (See Abstracts of Symposium in Appendix VI). Dr. Kenneth Hasson visited the department of Pathology, NFRDI and gave a lecture on Sampling, Diagnosis and Sources of the Principal Marine enaeid Shrimp Viral Diseases. In the 1stKorea-U.S. Seminar and Workshop on the sustainable marine shrimp culture, scientists of the two countries made good progress in the various fields of shrimp culture and agreed to collaboration on:
1.Exchange knowledge and experience in the are of shrimp diseases, biosecure for shrimp farming, SPF shrimp production technologies, sustainable shrimp production practices and shrimp feed and nutrition; and
2.Exchange of scientists between two countries to develop sustainable shrimp production techniques.
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KOREA-US AQUACULTURE -> Bilateral ->Shrimp Cultur
