Minutes
The Second U.S.-Korea Joint Coordination Panel (JCP) Meeting for Aquaculture
Cooperation was held in Honolulu, Hawaii on March 1, 2004. This meeting was
part of an agreement developed by the Joint Working Group at the 2nd Meeting
between the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the U.S. Department
of Commerce and the Korea Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF)
under the auspices of the NOAA-MOMAF Arrangement for Scientific and Technical
Cooperation in Integrated Coastal and Ocean Resources Management. Dr. James
P. McVey, Aquaculture Program Director for the National Sea Grant College Program
in NOAA, and Dr. Yoon Kim, Director of the Aquaculture Department of the National
Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) under MOMAF, led a group
of 18 Korean scientists and officials and 18 American scientists in the panel
meeting. Both Korean and U.S. participants also attended the 2004 World Aquaculture
Society (WAS) Conference consecutively scheduled on March 2-5, 2004 in Honolulu
(see overall itinerary in Appendix II-A).
Dr. McVey extended a warm welcome to the Korean participants and was pleased with the broad scope of scientific expertise that was represented, in spite of the limited time frame for preparation for the meeting. On behalf of the Korean delegation, Dr. Kim expressed his pleasure to co-chair the meeting, and his appreciation for the warm welcome, hospitality and the meeting venue and date set to coincide with the WAS Conference so that the Korean delegation could take advantage of participating in both panel and WAS meetings in Honolulu. The co-chairs asked the panel members to introduce themselves (see list of participants in Appendix I).
Both delegations reaffirmed their continued cooperation in several focused thematic areas in aquaculture that were mutually agreed to during the first meeting of the panel held in Busan, Korea, in 2002. They include: 1) advancing knowledge of aquaculture; 2) developing biosecure and cost-effective aquaculture technologies; 3) pursuing integrated and environmentally-friendly culture systems; 4) promoting submerged cage culture in open oceans; 5) demonstrating aquaculture in the context of marine ecosystem management; 6) sharing aquaculture data and information; 7) promoting the exchange of young scientists and students; and 8) periodically updating and improving the Korea-US aquaculture webpage.
The co-chairs noted that many countries in the world, including Korea and the
U.S., have confronted new challenges in developing biosecure and environmentally-friendly
aquaculture systems and to pioneer the concept of aquaculture in the context
of holistic ecosystem management. The co-chairs expressed their desire for the
relationship between Korea and the U.S. in aquaculture cooperation will continue
to broaden and deepen under the already existing marine and coastal bilateral
frameworks, and that both sides continue to collaborate and to share scientific
and technological knowledge for aquaculture practice in a balanced ecosystem
approach in the two countries.
The delegations adopted the agenda for the 2nd JCP Meeting (see agenda in Appendix
II-B), and then reviewed the progress reports on the accomplishments made since
the first meeting of the panel, expressing their satisfaction with the progress
reports to date. The co-chairs specifically noted that the progress on the implementation
of the cooperative activities of the first two year intersessional period had
been productive. This progress was made in spite of the limited funding and
personnel (see Appendix III for more detail).
Both delegations agreed to strengthen collaboration in the future, focusing on the topical areas of shrimp biosecurity and disease; seaweed polyculture; offshore aquaculture technology; ecosystem modeling with aquaculture; finfish and shellfish culture; nutrition and feeds; exchange of young scientists and students; and aquaculture data and information exchange. More detailed information regarding the 2004-2005 work plan is identified in Appendix IV.
In their closing remarks, the co-chairs shared a common understanding of the difficult budget climate facing both countries that may hamper implementation of joint projects over the next two years, but both delegations agreed to work hard to find additional funding sources necessary for the implementation of new collaborative activities identified in Appendix IV. Also, the US and Korean delegations agreed to develop more specific written plans for implementing the new cooperative activities. The Korean delegation agreed to host the 3rd JCP Meeting in Korea in 2006, and that meeting venue, date and time will be determined by co-chairs through correspondence.
These minutes will be submitted to the 3rd Meeting of the Joint Working Group between NOAA-MOMAF on Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management for review and endorsement. These minutes were signed on March 3, 2004, in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
James P. McVey Yoon Kim
U.S. Chairperson Korean Chairperson
Appendix I: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
U.S. Participants
(Alphabetical)
Joseph Ayvazian
Snapperfarm, Inc.
P.O. Box 685
Culebra, Puerto Rico 00775
Tel: 787 742 0641
Fax: 787 742 0641
Email: joe@snapperfarm.com
Daniel D. Benetti
Associate Professor
Director, Aquaculture Program
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS)
University of Miami
4600 Rickenbacker Causeway
Miami, FL 33149, USA
Tel: (305) 361-4889
Fax (305) 361 4675
Email: dbenetti@rsmas.miami.edu
Wanda Brown
International Activities Office
Office of the Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1315 East-West Highway, R/IA
Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
Tel: (301) 713-2469, ext. 116
Fax: (301) 713-1459
Email: wanda.brown@noaa.gov
John Curtis
Director
Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School
60 Saint Stephens Road
Bridgeport, CT 06605, USA
Tel: (203) 576-7608
Fax: (203) 576-7064
Email: jcurtis@bridgeportedu.net
Virginia Enos
Vice-President
Cates International, Inc.
P.O.Box 335
Kailua, HI 96734, USA
Tel: (808) 262 0267
Fax: (808) 262 0804
Email: virginia@catesinternational.com
René Eppi
Director
International Activities Office
Office of the Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1315 East-West Highway, R/IA
Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
Tel: (301) 713-2469, ext. 132
Fax: (301) 713-1459
Email: rene.eppi@noaa.gov
Langley Gace
Aquaculture Manager
Net Systems/ Ocean Spar Technologies
7910 N.E. Day Road West
Bainbridge Island, WA 98110, USA
Tel: (206) 780 0992 ext149
Fax: (206) 842 6832
Email: engineering@oceanspar.com
Charles Helsley
Researcher Emeritus
Department of Geology and Geophysics
School of Ocean Environmental
Science and Technology
University of Hawaii at Manoa
2525 Correa Road
Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Tel: (808) 956-2873
Fax: (808) 956-3014
Email: chuck@soest.hawaii.edu
Dosoo Jang, Executive Secretary
Asia Program Manager
International Activities Office
Office of the Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, NOAA
1315 East-West Highway, R/IA
Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
Tel: (301) 713-2469, ext. 195
Fax: (301) 713-1459
Email: dosoo.jang@noaa.gov
Cheng-Sheng Lee
Director
Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture
The Oceanic Institute
41-202 Kalanianaole Hwy
Waimanalo, HI 96795, USA
Tel: (808) 259-3107
Fax: (808) 259-8395
Email: cslee@oceanicinstitute.org
Eileen McVey
Aquaculture Information Center
The NOAA Library/NOAA
1315 East-West Highway, 2nd FL
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282, USA
Tel: (301) 713-2607, ext. 134
Fax: (301) 713-4598
Email: eileen.mcvey@noaa.gov
James P. McVey, Co-Chair
Aquaculture Program Director
National Sea Grant College Program
Office of the Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, NOAA
1315 East-West Highway, 11th FL
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282, USA
Tel: (301) 713-2451, ext. 160
Fax: (301) 713-0799
Email: jim.mcvey@noaa.gov
Brian O'Hanlon
Snapperfarm, Inc.
P.O. Box 685
Culebra, Puerto Rico 00775
Tel: 787 742 0641
Fax: 787 742 0641
Email: brian@snapperfarm.com
Mac Rawson
Director
Georgia Sea Grant College Program
School of Marine Programs
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602, USA
Tel: (706) 542-5954
Fax: (706) 542-3652
Email: mrawson@arches.uga.edu
Michael Rust
Resource Enhancement &
Utilization Technologies Division
Northwest Fisheries Science Center
National Marine Fisheries Service
NOAA
2725 Montlake Blvd., East
Seattle, WA 98112, USA
Tel: (206) 860-3382
Fax: (206) 860-3467
Email: mike.rust@noaa.gov
Dick Sherman
President
Snapperfarm, Inc.
P.O. Box 685
Culebra, Puerto Rico 00775
Tel: 787 742 0641
Fax: 787 742 0641
Tzachi Samocha
Associate Professor
Texas Agriculture Experiment Station
Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility
Texas A & M University-Corpus Christi
4301 Waldron Road
Corpus Christi, TX 78418, USA
Tel: (361) 937-2268 or 4220
Fax: (253) 390-6081
Email: samocha@falcon.tamucc.edu
Charles Yarish
Professor
Department of Ecology & Revolutionary Biology
University of Connecticut
1 University Place
Stamford, CT 06901, USA
Tel: (203) 251-8432
Fax: (203) 251-8592
Email: charles.yarish@ucoon.edu
R.O.K. Participants
(Alphabetical)
Jaemin Baek
Director
Seaweed Research Center
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
1101 Okam-dong
Mokpo, Junnam, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-61-285-1952
Fax: +82-61-285-1949
Email: jmbaek@momaf.go.kr
Ikkyo Chung
Professor
Department of Marine Science
Pusan National University
Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-510-2279
Fax: +82-51-581-2963
Email: ikchung@pnu.edu
Inkwon Jang ?????Tel and Fax
Senior Researcher
Aquaculture Division
West Sea Fisheries Research Institute
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
Incheon, Republic of Korea
Tel:
Fax:
Email: jangik@nfrdi.re.kr
Youngju Jee
Researcher
Biotechnology Research Center
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Busan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-720-2430
Fax: +82-51-720-2439
Email: philaqua@nfrdi.re.kr
Soonyo Jeong
Deputy Director
Marine Policy Division
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
139 Chungjong-No. 3, Seodaemun-gu
Seoul 120-715, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-2-3148-6514
Fax: +82-2-3148-6516
Email: haha9944@momaf.go.kr
Qtae Jo
Researcher
Aquaculture Department
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Busan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-720-2434
Fax: +82-51-720-2439
Email: qtjo@nfrdi.re.kr
Sungho Joo
MOMAF Liaison Officer (Director-General)
1315 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
Tel: (301) 713-3080, ext. 172
Fax: (301) 713-4263
Email: sung-ho.joo@noaa.gov
Kangwoong Kim
Researcher
Aquafeed Research Center
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#15, Bangeo-ri, Cheongha
Pohang 791-923, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-54-232-5433
Fax: +82-54-232-5436
Email: kwkim@momaf.go.kr
Pyoungjoong Kim
Researcher
Marine Environment Research Division
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Pusan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-720-2545
Fax: +82-51-720-2515
Email: pjkim@nfrdi.re.kr
Yoon Kim, Co-Chair
Director
Aquaculture Department
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Pusan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-51-720-2400
Fax: 82-51-720-2439
Email: yoonkim@nfrdi.re.kr
Incheol Lee
Professor
Department of Ocean Engineering
Pukyong National University
599-1. Daeyeon-3 dong, Nam-gu
Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-620-6228
Fax: +82-51-625-5862
Email: ilee@pknu.ac.kr
Junguie Lee????Tel and Fax
Director
Jeju Fisheries Research Institute
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
1928, Oedo 2-dong
Jeju City, Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-743-5882
Fax: 82-743-5883
Email: justlee@nfrdi.re.kr
Byunghwan Noh
Director
Aquaculture Development Division
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
139 Chungjong-No. 3, Seodaemun-gu
Seoul 120-715, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-2-3148-6961
Fax: +82-2-3148-6968
Email: nobh@momaf.go.kr
Geunyoung Park
Deputy Director
Planing and Management Division
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Pusan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-720-2140
Fax: +82-51-720-2149
Email: parkgy@momaf.go.kr
Myoungae Park
Senior Researcher
Pathology Research Division
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries
#408-1, Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Kijang County
Busan 619-902, Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-51-720-2480
Fax: 82-51-720-2498
Email: mapark@nfrdi.re.kr
Cheongro Ryu
Professor
Department of Ocean Engineering
Pukyong National University
599-1. Daeyeon-3 dong, Nam-gu
Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-51-620-6622
Fax: 82-51-625-5862
Email: crryu@pknu.ac.kr
Jaehak Son
First Secretary for Maritime
Affairs and Fisheries
Embassy of Korea
2450 Massachusetts Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
Tel: (202) 939-5676
Fax: (202) 387-0402
Email: gowithson@ hotmail.com
Gilsu Yoon
Professor
Department of Ocean Engineering
Pukyong National University
599-1. Daeyeon-3 dong, Nam-gu
Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-51-620-6624
Fax: +82-51-625-5862
Email: gsyoon@pknu.ac.kr
Appendix II-A: OVERALL ITINERARY
Saturday, February 28, 2004
20:00 Korean delegation departed Incheon/Seoul via Delta #7865 operated
by Korean Air
08:30 Korean delegation arrived in Honolulu
(Airport greetings and pick up: James McVey, René Eppi, Dosoo Jang,
Sungho Joo, and Jaehak Son)
Hotel Check-in: Waikiki Resort Hotel
Sunday, February 29, 2004
08:00 Breakfast (Ilma Café, Waikiki Resort Hotel)
09:00 Tours and field trips at your own
15:00 Final check-up meeting with panel co-chairs, executive
secretaries, and senior officials
(Location: Hibiscus Room, Waikiki Resort Hotel)
16:00 Prep-Meeting for the Workshop on Aquaculture in the Context of Marine
Ecosystem Management (Invitees only, Hibiscus Room)
18:30 US-Korea Panel welcome reception
Location: Indigo Restaurant
Monday, March 1, 2004
07:00 Breakfast briefings to the US and Korean Delegations
(Location: Lehua Ballroom, Waikiki Resort Hotel)
09:00 2nd U.S.-Korea Aquaculture Panel Meeting
(Location: Orchid Room, Waikiki Resort Hotel)
12:00 Lunch (Lehua Ballroom, Waikiki Resort Hotel)
16:30 Closing
18:00 Reception hosted by the World Aquaculture Society (WAS)
(Location: Hawaii Convention Center)
Tuesday, March 2, 2004
09:00 Participated in the World Aquaculture Society Conference
(The Hawaii Convention Center)
Wednesday, March 3, 2004
09:00 Participated in the World Aquaculture Society Conference
(The Hawaii Convention Center)
Thursday, March 4, 2004
09:00 Participated in the World Aquaculture Society Conference
(The Hawaii Convention Center)
Friday, March 5, 2004
09:00 Participated in the World Aquaculture Society Conference
(The Hawaii Convention Center)
Saturday, March 6, 2004
10:30 Korean delegation departed Honolulu to Incheon via Delta #7864
operated by Korean Air
Sunday, March 7, 2004
16:10 Korean delegation arrived in Incheon
Appendix II-B
Agenda for the 2nd U.S.-Korea Joint Coordination
Panel (JCP) Meeting for Aquaculture Cooperation
********************************
Monday, March 1, 2004
Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
PART I: OPENING SESSION
09:00 Welcome and Introduction of the Delegations
James McVey, Co-Chairman
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman
09:10 Opening Remarks
James McVey (10 minutes)
Yoon Kim (10 minutes)
09:30 Adoption of the Agenda
PART II: REVIEW OF COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES SINCE THE 1ST JCP MEETING
09:40 Progress Report on the Cooperative Activities Implemented during the
Period of 2002-2003
Dosoo Jang, U.S. Executive Secretary
09:50 Report on the Creation of the Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Website
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea
10:05 A U.S.-Korea Collaborative Work on Seaweed Polyculture
Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut (UCONN), USA
10:20 Coffee break
10:35 Report on the 2003 Wando-Bridgeport Educational Exchanges in Aquaculture
John Curtis, Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School
(BRVAS), USA
10:50 Recent Development of Offshore Aquaculture in Korea
Cheongro Ryu, Pukyong National University, Korea
11:05 Reports on Improved Shrimp Biosecurity and Closed, RecirculatingSystems
A visit to Korea by Tzachi Samocha, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Texas
A & M University System, USA
A visit to the United States by Inkwon Jang, NFRDI, Korea
11:40 Lunch (Orchid Room)
PART III: DISCUSSION AND ADOPTION OF NEW COOPERATIVE
ACTIVITIES PROPOSALS: 2004-05
13:00 Sustainable Shrimp Production, Transfer of Biosecure Closed Recirculating
Induced Maturation Systems, and Transfer of Biosecure Intensive Nursery Systems
Tzachi Samocha, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Texas A & M University
System, USA (proposed)
Inkwon Jang, NFRDI, Korea (responded)
13:10 1. Two Scientists' Visit to the U.S. on Shrimp Culture
2. Development of Biosecure High Density Shrimp On-Growing Technology and SPF
F. chinensis Broodstock
Inkwon Jang, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Tzachi Samocha, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A & M University
system, USA (responded)
Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute (responded)
13:20 Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Website Updates
Eileen McVey, The NOAA Central Library, USA (proposed)
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (responded)
13:30 1. A U.S. Student Exchange (April 2004) to Korea
John Curtis, BRVAS, USA (proposed)
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (responded)
2. A Korean Student Exchange (September 2004) to the U.S.
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
John Curtis, BRVAS, USA (responded)
13:40 1. A Study on Development of the Seaweed Species Preservation
Jaemin Baek, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Ikkyo Chung, Pusan National University, Korea (proposed)
Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut, USA (responded)
2. Development of Open Water and Land Based Integrated Aquaculture Systems NFRDI
Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut, USA (proposed)
Jaemin Baek, NFRDI,, Korea (responded)
Ikkyo Chung, Pusan National University, Korea (responded)
13:50 1. International Workshop on Aquaculture in the Context of Marine Ecosystem
Management
Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute, USA (proposed)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
Mac Rawson, University of Georgia, USA (commented)
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman, Korea (responded)
2. Carrying Capacity Modeling for Environmentally Sound Aquaculture of Fish
and Shellfish
Pyoung Joong Kim, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Mac Rawson, University of Georgia, USA (responded)
Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute, USA (commented)
14:10 A U.S. Visit to Korea on Rockfish Hatchery Research Michael Rust, NOAA,
USA (proposed)
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (responded)
14:20 A Scientific Visit to the U.S. on Population Genetics of Oysters
Youngju Jee, , NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (responded)
Michael Rust, NOAA, USA (commented)
14:30 Coffee break
14:45 1. A Scientific Visit to the U.S. on Viral Diseases
2. Research Collaboration on Viral Disease Controls
Myongae Park, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Michael Rust, NOAA, USA (responded)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
14:55 International Seminar on Offshore Aquaculture in Jeju, Korea
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman, Korea (proposed)
James McVey, Co-Chairman , USA (responded)
Charles Helsley, University of Hawaii, USA (commented)
Daniel Benetti, University of Miami, USA (commented)
15:05 1. Bilateral Collaboration on Offshore Aquaculture (US proposal)
Langley Gace, Ocean Spar Technologies, Inc., USA (proposed)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
René Eppi, NOAA, USA (commented)
Charles Helsley, University of Hawaii, USA (commented)
Daniel Benetti, University of Miami, USA (commented)
Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute (commented)
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman, Korea (responded)
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (commented)
2. Bilateral Collaboration on Offshore Aquaculture (Korean proposal)
Cheongro Ryu, Pukyong National University, Korea (proposed)
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman, Korea (commented)
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (commented)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (responded)
René Eppi, NOAA, USA (commented)
Charles Helsley, University of Hawaii, USA (commented)
Daniel Benetti, University of Miami, USA (commented)
Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute (commented)
15:35 1. A Study Visit to the U.S. on Cod Seedling Production
2. An Invitation to U.S. Cod Specialists to Visit Korea
Junguie Lee, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Michael Rust, NOAA, USA (responded)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
15:45 Research and Development for an Environmentally Sound Aquafeed
Kangwoong Kim, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Michael Rust, NOAA, USA (responded)
Daniel Benetti, University of Miami, USA (commented)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
15:55 1. An Invitation to a U.S. Cellular/Molecular Biomarker Scientist to visit
Korea
2. Research Collaboration on Biological Marker Measurement
(Biomarkers) Responsible for Resistance to Xenobiotic Pollutants in Cultured
Organisms
Qtae Jo, NFRDI, Korea (proposed)
Michael Rust, NOAA, USA (responded)
James McVey, Co-Chairman, USA (commented)
PART IV: CLOSING SESSION
16:05 Schedule for the next meeting
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman
16:10 Closing Remarks
Yoon Kim, Co-Chairman
James McVey, Co-Chairman
16:30 Wrap-up
Appendix III
REVIEW OF THE COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES: 2002-2003
Shrimp Culture
A. A Visit to Korea by a Scientist from Texas A&M University-Corpus
Christi
Professor Tzachi Samocha of Texas A & M University-Corpus Christi visited
a number of shrimp research institutes and local shrimp farms in Korea and an
aquaculture site in Hainan Island, China from July 14-29, 2003. The purpose
of this trip, supported by NOAA, was three fold: 1) to visit existing shrimp
production operations in Korea and China; 2) to help develop sustainable and
biosecure shrimp farming practices in Korea; and 3) to evaluate the feasibility
of producing the Fenneropenaeus chinensis in Texas.
Professor Samocha visited the West Sea Research Institute in Incheon to give a presentation on the development of sustainable shrimp practices with limited discharge. After this seminar, he visited Jeil Shrimp Farm raising the Fenneropenaeus chinensis. This farm had a few earthen ponds and two HDPE-lined ponds that were built with funds from NFRDI. A few days before Professor Samocha's visit, mass shrimp mortality was observed in the earthen ponds. This shrimp mortality was attributed to the white spot syndrome virus outbreak. Since the HDPE-lined ponds were stocked with WSSV-free postlarvae and because these ponds were maintained with very little water exchange, no shrimp mortality was observed in these ponds. In a meeting with the owner, Professor Samocha discussed different aspects associated with the operation of ponds with limited water discharge with an emphasis on the tolerance of the shrimp to high levels of ammonia and nitrite.
Professor Samocha traveled to the Taean Marine Hatchery Center. During this visit, Professor Samocha had reviewed the management and the system used by the Center staff. Recommendations were made in terms of improving growth and survival in the nursery phase with minimal water exchange. In addition, some modifications were made to improve spermatophore transfer and egg fertilization rates in a broodstock population of Litopenaeus vannamei that was kept at the facility. An immediate improvement in spermatophore transfer and fertilization rates was observed the following day. Two slide presentations were given to the staff: one dealt with the use of intensive nursery systems with limited discharge and the other on the use of closed recirculating systems for induced maturation of penaeid shrimp species.
Professor Samocha visited NFRD to discuss the use of sustainable and biosecure shrimp production systems and the potential for expanding the cooperation between TAES, Texas A&M University and NFDRI. After this meeting, Professor Samocha traveled with Dr. Inkwon Jang to Haikou, China to visit a fully integrated biosecured shrimp farm that used a closed recirculating induced maturation system, a larval rearing system, an intensive nursery system and HDPE-lined grow-out ponds.
Conclusion: In light of the major losses suffered by shrimp farmers in Korea
due to viral disease outbreak it was obvious that in order for this industry
to survive biosecure and sustainable shrimp production methods have to be adopted.
Conceptual designs for closed recirculating induced maturation systems and intensive
nursery raceway systems were discussed with Dr. Inkwon Jang. One commercial
hatchery was interested in converting part of its flow through maturation tanks
into a closed recirculating system. It was decided that the final conceptual
designs for closed recirculating systems for the production of marketable size
shrimp would be finalized after visiting a few facilities in the U.S. As for
future cooperation, Professor Samocha and Dr. Jang discussed potential ways
to increase cooperation between NFDRI, TAES-SMRF and Texas A&M University-Corpus
Christi. Among the different options discussed were students and researchers
exchange programs, organized seminars, and training programs.
U.S. contact: Tzachi Samocha, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
Korea contact: Inkwon Jang, NFRDI
B. A Visit to the U.S. by Two Shrimp Scientists from Korea
Professor Tzachi Samocha of Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi accompanied two Korean scientists, Drs. Inkwon Jang and Bong Lae Kim of the Taean Marine Hatchery Center, Korea, on travel to shrimp production facilities in Florida, South Carolina, and Texas, USA from September 19-30, 2003. The purpose of the trip, fully supported by MOMAF, was designed to expose Drs. Jang and Kim to biosecure limited discharge shrimp production technology in order for them to decide which technology will be suitable for implementation in South Korea.
The scientists held meetings with Mr. David McMahon, President, OceanBoy Farms in Florida and visited one of the OceanBoy farms in Little Cypress. Mr. McMahon described the production process of shrimp in low salinity water with an emphasis on biosecurity protocol and sustainability issues. Dr. In Kwon gave a Power Point presentation describing the shrimp farming activities in Korea and the potential use of antibodies to overcome the white spot viral disease. In addition they discussed the potential importation of Fenneropenaeus chinensis to West Texas.
On the way to South Carolina, they visited the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and received a detailed explanation from Dr. Megan Davis of the experimental closed recirculating systems in use. Following this visit they had a meeting with Dr. Peter Van Wyk and discussed the use of closed recirculating systems for the production of marine shrimp. They visited the Harbor Branch shrimp facility, an indoor closed recirculating raceway system for the production of the Pacific white shrimp using low salinity water.
They visited the Waddell Mariculture Center, Bluffton, South Carolina where Mr. Al Stokes gave them a tour of the facility with an emphasis on shrimp production with limited discharge in outdoor ponds and greenhouse-enclosed raceways. After this meeting in South Carolina, Drs. Jang and Kim visited the TAES Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility in Corpus Christi. Professor Samocha gave a detailed explanation how the closed recirculating induced maturation system is working and described the intensive nursery raceway system and the studies conducted in production of marketable shrimp with limited discharge under biosecure conditions. After visiting several other shrimp research facilities in Texas, Dr. Jang gave a presentation at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi describing the status of the shrimp farming industry in South Korea and the potential use of antibodies to overcome the white spot viral outbreak.
Conclusion: Dr. Jang and Professor Samocha had a meeting at the TAES facility
in Corpus Christi to discuss the next phase in the development of a biosecure
shrimp farming industry in Korea. This discussion included the use of a closed
recirculating induced maturation system and nursery and grow-out with limited
discharge of salt water.
U.S. contact: Tzachi Samocha, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
Korea contact: Inkwon Jang, NFRDI
Offshore Aquaculture
A. U.S.-Korea Meeting for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the Fields
of Polyculture
and Offshore Aquaculture Technology in Hawaii, USA
As an outcome of the 1st U.S.-Korea JCP Meeting for Aquaculture Cooperation,
the U.S.-Korea Meeting for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the Fields
of Polyculture and Offshore Aquaculture Technology was convened in Honolulu,
Hawaii, October 9-12, 2002. The meeting helped define joint research projects
and corresponding time lines focused on advancing scientific and technological
knowledge in the two areas of aquaculture between both countries. Dr. James
McVey and Dr. Yoon Kim co-chaired the meeting. The meeting brought together
over 35 government officials, academicians, researchers, and private aquaculture
managers from the two countries. The meeting provided a timely and important
venue for both countries to exchange scientific knowledge and ideas on pursuing
sustainable aquaculture by promoting new concepts of integrated culture systems
including coastal modeling to manage such systems. The components of such systems
include algae, filter feeders and other ecological function groups to reduce
the aesthetic and environmental problems of nearshore aquaculture by deploying
submerged cages in the open-ocean in Korea and the United States (for more detailed
information, refer to the summary report of the meeting).
U.S. contact: James McVey, NOAA
Korea contact: Yoon Kim, NFRDI
B. U.S.-Korea Meeting for Scientific Exchange in Management of Open-Ocean
Fish Cages in Culebra, Puerto Rico
A total of 12 Korean and U.S. government officials, researchers, academicians,
and private industry managers met together in Culebra, Puerto Rico on July 1-2,
2003. The Korean representatives provided progress reports on funding situations,
determination of target species for Korea, hatchery capacity, offshore aquaculture
projects approved by the Korea Sea Grant Program, and the establishment of a
Korea Offshore Aquaculture Research Center. U.S. participants exchanged progress
reports on the presentations given at the U.S. Capitol during the NOAA Annual
Fish Fry, the U.S. vision for the future directions of offshore aquaculture,
an overview of the Puerto Rico open-ocean cage demonstration project implemented
in Culebra, and the introduction of the Ecosystem Modeling Workshop tentatively
planned for the fall of 2004.
While staying in Culebra, the participants observed cobia harvesting activities
and techniques and discussed other offshore aquaculture related technologies
such as cobia hatchery seasons and hatchery techniques, cobia growth rate, marketing,
operation and management of cage structures and other infrastructures, major
constraints and challenges facing the cobia farm operators, and future research
questions. The participants also produced an underwater video tape containing
the fish cage structures, nursery nets, harvesting scene, and feeding techniques.
U.S. contact: Dosoo Jang, NOAA
Korea contact: Qtae Jo, NFRDI
C. Establishment of the Korea Offshore Aquaculture Technology & Research
Center
The Korea Sea Grant accepted two proposals submitted by Pukyong National University.
The first proposal was to conduct geophysical, chemical, oceanographic, biological,
and environmental surveys for finding a most suitable site for deploying open-ocean
fish cages in Korean waters, with special attention on the coasts of Jeju Island.
The second proposal was to select appropriate species for offshore aquaculture
activities in Korean waters. Candidate species are sea bream, yellowtail, cod,
and/or cobia. In an effort to educate the public and fishing communities about
the new concept of offshore aquaculture, the Korean Offshore Aquaculture Technology
& Research Center (KOATEC) was founded in Pukyong National University.
U.S. contact: Dosoo Jang, NOAA
Korea contact: Cheongro Ryu, Pukyong National University
Algae
A. Seaweed cultivation, bioremediation, and biotechnology
Professor Chul-Hyun Sohn from the Department of Aquaculture, Pukyong National
University in Busan, Korea, was invited to work in the Marine Biotechnology
Laboratory at the University of Connecticut at Stamford from March 1, 2003 for
six months. The purpose of the visit, supported by the University of Connecticut
and NOAA, was to work with the scientists, students, and staff from the University
of Connecticut and the Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School in
the design and implementation of a "gim' farm in the coastal waters near
Bridgeport, Connecticut. In addition, Professor Sohn was involved in the bioremediation
potential of Porphyra in an integrated aquaculture system with finfish in an
urban environment. During this visit, Professor Sohn, who has long experience
in cultivating various seaweeds, but especially Porphyra, was specifically given
important work on the cell, tissue, and mass culture of native Porphyra species.
The shell conchocelis cultivation was carried out on two species, CT-23-1 (Pophyra
leucosticte) and ME-7-6 (Pophyra amplissima). The culture of conchocelis filaments
in shells were processed mainly in three steps: 1) shell culture for conchocelis
growth; 2) shell culture for conchosporangial formation; and 3) conchospore
maturation and the seeding method. Growth and development of concohocellis were
monitored every day in BRVAS and UCONN laboratories.
In addition to his research collaboration, Professor Sohn contributed his time
and efforts to giving presentations to BRVAS students on the topic of "Introduction
on advanced and newly developed seaweed cultivation in Korea"; to the Phycological
Society of America on "Developments on two newly cultivated species Capsosiphon
fulvescens and Costaria costata in Korea"; and to NOAA headquarters staff
on "Advanced seaweed cultivation in Korea".
U.S. contact: Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut
Korea contact: Chul-Hyun Sohn, Pukyong National University
Educational exchange in aquaculture
A. A BRVAS Visit to Korea
The first visit to Korea by officials from the Bridgeport Regional Vocational
Aquaculture
School (BRVAS) occurred on April 5-12, 2003. The U.S. delegates were: Dr. Clarence
Tolbert, Associate Superintendent of Bridgeport Schools, Mr. John J. Curtis,
Director, BRVAS, and Dr. Charles Yarish, Professor, University of Connecticut.
Arriving in Seoul on April 6, the delegation traveled to MOMAF on April 7 and
were greeted by Mr. Shin-Chul Park, Deputy Director of the Aquaculture Development
Division. BRVAS was introduced through a PowerPoint presentation. On April 8,
the group arrived at the Wando Fisheries High School. Both school superintendents
signed the Letter of Intent for Establishing a Sister-School Partnership for
the Enhancement of Aquaculture Education, followed by a tour of the school's
research vessel, site visits to fish farming areas, a seaweed processing plant,
seaweed farming areas and NFRDI's Wando Marine Hatchery. On April 10th, the
group departed Wando to Busan, and visited Inje University for further exploration
of mutual research interest in seaweed cultivation.
U.S. contact: John Curtis, BRVAS
Korea contact: Gyu-Heon Kim, Wando Fisheries High School
B. A Wando Fisheries High School Visit to the U.S.
A reciprocal visit to the U.S. by four delegates from the Wando Fisheries High
School began in New York on November 3, 2003. They were: Mr. Young-Song Kim,
Superintendent, Mr. Gyu-Heon Kim, Teacher, Mr. Gwi-Gwon Jeong, Teacher, and
Mr. Seoung-Su Hong, Teacher. On November 4, Dr. James McVey held briefings giving
a NOAA overview, and an overview on the U.S. Fisheries Policy and the U.S. Aquaculture
Policy. On November 6, the group arrived at the Bridgeport Regional Vocational
Aquaculture School for discussion, tours and the signing of the Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU) for establishing a Sister-School Partnership for the Enhancement
of Aquaculture Education. Following the MOU signing ceremony, the visitors boarded
the school' research vessel Catherine Moore for a tour of local Long Island
Sound waters and the school's farm sites. On November 7, the group joined a
trip to Long Island via the Bridgeport-Port Jefferson Ferry to visit the Flowers
Shellfish Company and a tour of the operation.
Discussed at both meetings as one of the major components to the success of
the partnership is the ability to communicate. It was agreed that videoconferencing
was to be the objective. On December 23, the first successful session was held
between the two schools by using the videoconferencing system.
U.S. contact: John Curtis, BRVAS
Korea contact: Gyu-Heon Kim, Wando Fisheries High School
Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Website
Two Korean officials, Dr. Myoungae Park and Ms. Sunhee Na from NFRDI, visited
NOAA to create the Korea-U.S. Aquaculture webpage on March 27-April 4, 2003.
The new website was completed and successfully published at the NOAA Central
Library on October 16, 2003, and is available from http://www.lib.noaa.gov/korea/index.htm.
The site currently has sections on bilateral meeting summary reports, fish statistics,
wild stock enhancement, feeds and nutrition, genetics, endangered species, fish
disease, new developments, presentations, publication lists, and laws and regulations.
U.S. contact: Eileen McVey, The NOAA Library
Korea contact: Qtae Jo, NFRDI
Appendix IV
WORK PLAN FOR 2004-2005
Shrimp Culture
During the year of 2003, progress was made in terms of implementing the use of biosecure and sustainable practices for the production of shrimp, in spite of the limited funds available. The activities included the use of closed recirculating induced-maturation and nursery systems with limited discharge of salt water. Both countries agreed to continue the on-going research on the use of a closed recirculating system, and in addition, to work on the development of SPF (specific pathogen free) Fenneropenaeus chinensis through:
1. Reciprocal visits of shrimp experts from both countries for approximately
one month each trip, including a planned visit of a Korean scientist for two
months in 2004 to the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (TAES) in Corpus
Christi (supported from the NOAA-MOMAF Joint Fund);
2. One TAES graduate/Ph.D. student's visit to Korea to collaborate in research
on F. chinensis for approximately 6 months up to one year during 2005 (supported
from R&D grants of NFRDI);
3. Exchange of information for developing SPF F. chinensis strain in Korea and
biosecure and sustainable high-density shrimp growout technology in both Korea
and the U.S.;
4. Evaluation and analysis on the growth, survival and economic viability of
producing F. chinensis in West Texas (funding to be sought); and
5. Submission of a proposal to USAID for the development of organic shrimp and
other value added methods to improve economic viability of shrimp production
under biosecure and sustainable conditions.
U.S. contact: Tzachi Samocha, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
Korea contact: Inkwon Jang, NFRDI
Shellfish
A. Biological Marker Measurement against Xenobiotic Pollutants in Cultured
Organisms
The toxicity and its impacts of xenobiotics, principally derived from agrochemicals
and industrial effluents, on aquaculture organisms are of interest to seafood
processors, environmentalists, and toxicologists. Korea has done research on
the physiology of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, stimulated by kinds
of xenobiotics normally found in the oyster farming grounds. It is now well
known that some of the basic molecular toxicology research has given rise to
the use of genetic biomarkers to detect the organisms' ability to resist pollutant
effects. However, the biomarker properties are species-specific. Korea would
be interested to collaborate with U.S. scientists in the areas such as:
-Biomarker analysis of xenobiotic chemicals
-Biomarker analysis of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc)
-Biomarker analysis of pesticides (carbamate and organophosphate)
-Biomarker analysis of unfavorable parameters in the aquaculture waters
-Bioassays with shellfish and cultured finfish cell lines
Drs. James McVey and Michael Rust of NOAA will attempt to find researchers
to fit the above interest. First recommended by Drs. McVey and Rust to contact
are Dr. Fulin Chu of the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences (VIMS), Professor
Andrew Kane of the University of Maryland, and Dr. Gary Wickfors at the NOAA
Milford Laboratory. The U.S. agreed to help with the connection of one appropriate
U.S. scientist for Qtae Jo to visit his lab in the first half of 2004, in funding
support of the NOAA-MOMAF Joint Fund.
U.S. contact: James McVey, NOAA
Michael Rust, NOAA
Korea contact: Qtae Jo, NFRDI
B. A Scientific Visit to the U.S. on Genetics of Oysters
As a follow up to the First Meeting of this Panel, Korea proposed the exchange
of information to determine whether the Suminoe oyster, Crassostrea ariakensis,
exists in Korean coastal waters and to identify opportunities for collaborative
work with this species for potential culture in the Chesapeake Bay on the East
Coast of the U.S. The U.S agreed to provide arrangements for a 10-day visit
by one genetic resources specialist from NFRDI to analyze the genetic characteristics
of the Suminoe oyster living in Korean and U.S. waters and to explore U.S. interests
on this topic. Dr. James McVey agreed to contact both U.S. West Coast and East
Coast specialists for this proposal for a visit placing greater emphasis on
the West Coast visit.
U.S. contact: James McVey, NOAA
Korea contact: Youngju Jee, NFRDI
Offshore Aquaculture
Two research proposals related to offshore aquaculture cage system development in Korea were accepted by the Korea Sea Grant Program to further the effort to install offshore aquaculture cages in a pilot research effort in Korea: one on the physicochemical properties of the coastal waters at the offshore installation candidate sites and the other on the selection of candidate species for offshore aquaculture in Korean waters.
When the Korea Sea Grant project on the conceptual design of the offshore aquaculture
system in Korea is completed, Korea will attempt to get funds by 2005 for setting
the offshore aquaculture system in Korean waters. Both delegations agreed to
further discuss possibilities on joint U.S.-Korea research on offshore aquaculture
in May 2004 in Jeju, Korea, in conjunction of the U.S.-Korea Seminar on Offshore
Aquaculture Technology, tentatively scheduled for May, 2004.
U.S. contact: James McVey, NOAA
Charles Helsley, University of Hawaii
Korea contact: Yoon Kim, NFRDI
Cheongro Ryu, Pukyong National University
International Seminar on Offshore Aquaculture in Jeju, Korea
A Korean offshore aquaculture research team from NFRDI would like to host the
International Seminar on Offshore Aquaculture in Jeju, Korea, in May 2004. The
Seminar aims to present recent research and technology development in the area
of offshore aquaculture in both countries, and to explore future research collaboration
between the two countries. After the seminar, the participants will make a tour
of candidate sites and facilities for future offshore cage deployment in Korea
and related hatchery facilities. Setting the date, duration and other details
of the seminar including the selection of U.S. participants will be discussed
through correspondence.
U.S. contact: James McVey, NOAA
Korea contact: Yoon Kim, NFRDI
Algae
A. Seaweed Species Preservation and
B. Development of Open Water and Land Based Integrated Aquaculture Systems
The primary objective of this collaborative research project with Korea
will continue our studies on comparative physiological and developmental research
on select American species of Porphyra and to determine which species of Porphyra
has the greatest nutrient removal abilities under various conditions of irradiance,
temperature, and water flow. We would also be interested in expanding our work
to other economically and ecologically important plants (e.g. Laminaria, Gracilaria
and Palmeria)
The activity proposed was to develop a cooperative research program between
the University of Connecticut and the Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture
School both in Connecticut, USA and the Seaweed Research Center of NFRDI in
Wando, Korea. The exchange will include reciprocal research visits from our
respective Institutions to each country. It was agreed to continue studies on
strain selection and selective breeding of Porphyra and other economically important
seaweeds (Laminaria, Sargassum, and Gracilaria); to compare the nutrient removal
capacity of Porphyra and other species in Korea and U.S., and to send up to
two research specialists to Korea to work at the Seaweed Research Center, NFRDI.
One of the specialists would include a U.S. doctoral student from Korea to develop
his thesis research in Korea. This could be expected to take minimum 6 months
up to one year. The Korean side will attempt to find way to provide support
to facilitate this research. Finally, it was agreed to invite up to two research
specialists from Korea to work at the University of Connecticut and Bridgeport
Regional Vocational Aquaculture School for 2-3 months in 2005 as long as the
funding necessary for this visit is sought.
U.S. contact : Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut
Korea contact: Jaemin Baek, NFRDI
Ikkyo Chung, Pusan National University
Ecosystem Modeling
A. Aquaculture in the Context of Marine Ecosystem Management
The role of aquaculture production in supplying the world with seafood
has increased annually during the past decades while conflicts by other users
of natural resources have also increased. Forecasting the environmental effects
of aquaculture through predictive and hydrological modeling is useful for selecting
future aquaculture sites that contribute to balancing the ecosystem. Therefore,
it is imperative to gather international experts to discuss practices that maximize
the positive contributions of aquaculture to surrounding ecosystems. With NOAA,
the Oceanic Institute located in Hawaii, USA plans to co-host the International
Workshop on Aquaculture in the Context of Marine Ecosystem Management. This
is tentatively scheduled for April 2005 and to be held in Honolulu, Hawaii.
By May 30, 2004, the U.S. will provide Korea, Japan, China, and Vietnam with
a white paper including general information about this workshop with its themes,
goals, objectives, and a conceptual framework of the workshop. It is agreed
that Korea will cooperate with the U.S. by active participation in this workshop.
Detailed funding supports will be further discussed through correspondence.
U.S. contact: Cheng-Sheng Lee, Oceanic Institute
Korea contact: Yoon Kim, NFRDI
B. Carrying Capacity Modeling for Environmentally Sound Aquaculture of
Fish and Shellfish
Most of the aquaculture farms in Korea are located in coastal waters such as
the semi-closed bays and harbors. Land based source effluents from various human
activities can easily influence these. Some farms have failed to produce a healthy
seafood product due to this over eutrophication, In other words, some farms
are operating above the carrying capacity of the waters. NFRDI has made an effort
over the years to develop carrying capacity modeling for sustainable shellfish
aquaculture on the southern coasts of the Korean peninsula where Pacific oysters
are popularly cultured. The same species is also cultured in the United States.
Both delegations agreed to explore basic knowledge of the case study site for
experimenting on carrying capacity modeling. Dr. Mac Rawson of the University
of Georgia, USA suggested three phases as a follow up to this Korean proposal:
In Phase One, two U.S. shellfish specialists will visit the southern Korean peninsula coasts: 1) to observe the bivalve mollusk culture in semi-enclosed waters; 2) to identify available data and identify the data the modelers need; and 3) to select a study site for ecosystem management modeling in the fall of 2004 and present a case study to the Workshop on Aquaculture in the Context of Marine Ecosystem Management to take place in Hawaii in 2005.
Phase Two will be the development of a research proposal to be submitted to potential Korean and U.S. funding agencies in the spring of 2005.
Phase Three will be to conduct the research, build the model and run alternative management options in 2005-2006 and present options for management to Korean officials in 2006.
U.S. Georgia Sea Grant will fund travel expenses to Korea. In-country costs
will be covered by Korea. Korean and U.S. scientists will write and present
a Korean case study at the Workshop on Aquaculture in the Context of Marine
Ecosystem Management. A joint research proposal will be developed after the
ecosystem modeling workshop in 2005.
U.S. contact: Mac Rawson, University of Georgia
Korea contact: Pyoungjoong Kim, NFRDI
Finfish Culture
A. Exchange of Scientists on Rockfish Hatchery Research
Hubbs Sea World Research Institute (HSWRI) in San Diego, CA and NOAA's Northwest
Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC) in Seattle, WA, USA would like to expand their
research into the culture of rockfish of the genus Sebastes for the purpose
of wild stock rebuilding and market sales. HSWRI and NWFSC have made some progress
with Sebastes culture but they recognize that Korea has a history of longer
experience and would like to make a study tour of Korean hatcheries and programs.
HSWRI and NWFSC also have an interest in the culture of flatfish such as olive
flounder and Pacific cod.
It was agreed to have 3-4 participants from HSWRI and NWFSC visit Korea for
7-14 days in May or June of 2004 with funding from HSWRI to support this activity.
An initiation was also extended to Korean colleagues to visit their facilities
in San Diego and Seattle, respectively, in the future. An effort will be made
by the U.S. scientists to schedule their visit as close as possible to the April
spawning season.
U.S. contact: Michael Rust, NOAA
Mark Drawbridge, Hubbs Sea World Research Institute
Korea contact: Qtae Jo, NFRDI
B. Exchange of Scientists on Cod Culture
December through April is the cod spawning season in Korea. The Jinhae Bay and
the Youngil Bay are the most important Pacific cod spawning areas in Korea.
The newly established Fisheries Resources and Management and Enhancement Center
of NFRDI plays an important function in enhancing the Pacific cod population
in Korean waters. Both delegations agreed to have one Korean cod specialist
to visit the U.S. for approximately 10 days in the first half of 2004 to take
a tour of cod mass seed production facilities. Funding will be supported from
the NOAA-MOMAF Joint Fund. As a reciprocal visit, it was agreed to have two
U.S. scientists visit Korea some time in early summer 2004 for approximately
10 days to study about causes of mass mortality of Pacific cod. This trip will
be supported from the MOMAF-NOAA Joint Fund.
In addition, the Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) has become an important
targeted fishery in U.S. waters since the mid-1980s and is second only to walleye
pollock in commercial landings. At present, there is no definitive study of
the genetic population structure of Pacific cod in the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands
or Gulf of Alaska to inform or guide management decisions. More recent developments
in genomic technology have provided a powerful class of genetic markers with
the potential to make significant progress in understanding the processes that
create and maintain genetic structure in Pacific cod populations. It was agreed
to further explore ideas on collaborative research between the two countries
on the genetic structuring of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) on both a large
and small geographic scale to assess the degree of connectivity (via gene flow)
among putative populations.
U.S. contact: Michael Rust, NOAA
Ingrid Spices, NOAA
Richard Langan, University of New Hampshire
Korea contact: Junguie Lee, NFRDI
Fish Feeds and Nutrition
Research and technology in aquaculture fish nutrition should be developed using the experience of agricultural research. Stimulation and cooperation in the agricultural arena by and between public and private sectors has been extensive, thus making today's achievements in agriculture possible. There could be similar achievements in developing nutritive, environmental and cost-effective diets for aquaculture with public and private sector cooperation in fish nutrition research. Also, an expanding aquaculture industry will continue to encounter environmental problems, especially the water impact problems. Obviously, appropriate technologies for sustainability will have to be developed under specific environmental conditions. To develop an environmentally friendly aquaculture industry in the 21st century, low environmental impact and high quality fish feed development will be of significant importance to avoid water pollution on farms, and to improve feed conversion ratios for better production efficiency.
In this exploratory stage regarding fish feeds and nutrition, the U.S. agreed
to provide Korea with a list of companies and researchers related to the development
of environmentally friendly aqua feeds. The U.S. delegation recommended a review
of the website: <http://www.freedomfeed.com> to get more detailed information
about fish feeds. It was agreed that the U.S. will help Korea contact appropriate
fish feed companies to explore expertise in this field in the U.S. and Canada.
The U.S. delegation encouraged Korean participation in the U.S. fish nutrition
workshop held once every two years as a way meet with various background scientists
related to fish nutrition and feeds.
U.S. contact: Michael Rust, NOAA
Daniel Benetti, University of Miami
Korea contact: Kangwoong Kim, NFRDI
Disease
Seed production techniques of marine fish have been developed on olive flounder
since the 1980's in Korea. From the 1990's, seed production of olive flounder
and rockfish expanded and then many additional species including breams were
added. With the development of the aquaculture industry, several problems were
identified. One of these problems was the mass mortality due to infectious and
non-infectious diseases of larvae and juveniles reared in marine hatcheries.
Korea would like to cooperate with the U.S. in studying the infection route,
developing rapid detection methods and ultimately prevention of cod viral disease
in support of NFRDI R&D funds. The U.S. agreed to help with the connection
of appropriate U.S. research institutions for one NFRDI viral disease specialist
to visit the U.S. for one month in 2005 to learn about the control and prevention
of viral diseases. The University of New Hampshire and Great Bay Aquaculture
in Maine, USA, were institutions recommended to contact for the visit. Funding
for this visit will be supported from the NOAA-MOMAF Joint Fund. More detailed
discussion regarding this visit will be made through future correspondence.
U.S. contact: Michael Rust, NOAA
James McVey, NOAA
Korea contact: Myoungae Park, NFRDI
Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Webpage
The Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Webpage was completed and successfully launched at the NOAA Central Library on October 16, 2003. The site currently has sections on bilateral meeting summary reports, fish statistics, wild stock enhancement, feeds and nutrition, genetics, endangered species, fish disease, new developments, presentations, publication lists, and laws and regulations.
The participants agreed to have 1-2 Korean aquaculture data managers visit
NOAA in June 2004 to expand the website with a second phase. This phase would
include an expanded section on the activities and results of joint meetings;
reports and photographs from future scientific exchanges and field trips; and
information and graphics on any educational collaborations and student exchange
efforts. Korea also requested a careful review of the current site for corrections
and updated data.
U.S. contact: Eileen McVey, NOAA Central Library
Korea contact: Qtae Jo, NFRDI
Student Exchange Visits between the US and Korea
Both sides agreed to initiate the first of two student exchange visits scheduled for 2004, as part of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School and the Wando Fisheries High School to establish a Sister-School Partnership for the Enhancement of Aquaculture Education. It was agreed to have one BRAVS supervising staff and up to four students visit MOMAF and Wando Fisheries High School for a total of ten (10) days beginning in April 16, 2004, and NOAA Research will provide funding to support this visit. It was understood that both BRVAS and Wando Fisheries High School will attempt a videoconferencing system test twice between the two schools by exchanging students presentations on an overview of local waters, data about the quality of water and a propsal for a project focusing on algae culture and restoration through this distance education system prior to the April visit.
It was also agreed that the reciprocal visit by the Wando Fisheries High School
(one staff and 4 students) will begin on September 13, 2004 for a period of
ten (10) days. Funding for the Wando visit will be provided by the MOMAF-NOAA
Joint Fund. Detailed schedule and itinerary arrangements will be provided by
BRAVS through correspondence.
U.S. contact: John Curtis, Bridgeport Vocational Aquaculture School (BRVA)
Korea contact: Gwikwon Jeong, Wando Fisheries High School