First Korea-U.S. Joint Coordination Meeting
|
|
April 15-16, 2002 |
|
Busan, Republic of Korea |
|
Appendix I: List of Participants |
|
Appendix II: Agenda |
|
Appendix III: Work Plan 2002-2003 |
|
Minutes |
|
| In accordance with the Arrangement for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in Integrated Coastal and Ocean Resources Management signed in 2000 between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States of America and the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Korea, the 1st Korea-U.S. Joint Coordination Meeting (JCM) for Aquaculture Cooperation was convened in Busan, Republic of Korea, from April 15-16, 2002. The meeting was co-chaired by the two delegation heads: Dr. Yoon Kim, Director of the Aquaculture Department of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF), and Dr. James McVey, Aquaculture Program Director for the National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce. | |
| On behalf of the Korean participants, Dr. Yoon Kim opened the 1st Korea-U.S. JCM for Aquaculture Cooperation by extending a warm welcome to the U.S. participants and its chairman, Dr. James McVey. Dr. In Kwon Jang delivered welcoming remarks for Mr. Kook-Jeon Ahn, Director-General of NFRDI in extending further warm welcome to the U.S. participants. Dr. James McVey expressed his pleasure to lead the U.S. participants and to co-chair the 1st Korea-U.S. JCM on Aquaculture in Busan, Korea. Dr. Kim and Dr. McVey introduced their respective participant members (see Appendix I for the full list of participants). | |
Because this is the first preliminary intergovernmental meeting between the two countries on cooperation in aquaculture, the meeting was formed in two main parts: a first part for presentations on each of participants present research and development activities in their respective specialty issues/areas (see Appendix II for more details), and a second part for discussions on possible future collaborative activities. Both parties affirmed several principles and focused thematic areas for the U.S.-Korea cooperation in aquaculture. |
|
|
<. Advancing our scientific and technological knowledge of aquaculture through the research, policy, and management collaboration between the two countries; |
|
<. Development of biosecure, cost-effective, sustainable and environmentally-friendly aquaculture technologies; |
|
<. Pursuing integrated, environmentally-friendly, and sustainable aquaculture by promoting the new concepts of integrated culture systems including algae, filter-feeders, shrimp and finfish; |
|
<. Reducing aesthetic and environmental problems of nearshore aquaculture by developing more efficient and effective submerged cage culture in open-ocean aquaculture conditions; |
|
<. Increasing economic goals and maintaining water quality through an approach to integration of the fed and extractive components by using ecosystem modeling technology as a tool; |
|
<. Sharing useful aquaculture data and information between the two countries; |
|
<. Encouraging exchange of young scientists and students for building a relationship/partnership between the future U.S. and Korean aquaculture generations; and |
|
<. Initiating a scientist exchange program for each topic discussed during the course of the 1st Korea-U.S. JCM for Aquaculture Cooperation. |
|
| Both sides shared mutual understanding that the two countries need a holistic and sustainable approach to manage marine living resources and coastal areas. The participants agreed that this cooperation would provide a formal mechanism to improve the level of coordination and collaboration among aquaculture scientists and managers between the two countries. The delegations agreed to the topics and meeting agenda for the 1st Korea-U.S JCM for Aquaculture Cooperation (see agenda in Appendix II). | |
| The participants agreed to cooperate in the areas identified in Appendix III. In their closing remarks, co-chairs recognized that budget limitation might prevent some projects from being implemented, but agreed to work hard to help find out various funding sources allowable for the implementation of collaborative activities agreed to in the 1st Korea-U.S. JCM work plan (Appendix III) as many as possible. Both sides also agreed that the name of this meeting is to be called Korea-U.S. Joint Coordination Meeting (JCM) for Aquaculture Cooperation, and would be held biennially alternating between the two countries. Co-chairs also expressed their interest to create a new Korea-U.S. JCM for Aquaculture Cooperation website (see Appendix III for more details). The U.S. participants agreed to host the 2nd JCM in the United States in 2004. The meeting date and time will be set by co-chairs through correspondence. | |
| These minutes will be submitted to the 2nd MOMAF-NOAA Joint Working Group meeting for review and endorsement. The minutes are signed on April 16, 2002, in Busan, Republic of Korea, in English. |
|
[Signed] |
|
| Yoon Kim James P. McVey | |
| Korean Chairperson U.S. Chairperson | |
| Director Director | |
| Aquaculture Department Aquaculture Program | |
| National Fisheries Research and National Sea Grant College Program Development Institute National Oceanic and | |
| Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries Atmospheric Administration | |
| Republic of Korea United States of America | |
Appendix I | |
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS |
|
R.O.K. Participants |
|
Dr. Yoon Kim, Korean Chairman |
Mr. Kook-Jeon Ahn |
Mr. Shin-Chul Park, Executive Secretary |
Dr. In Kwon Jang |
Dr. Doo-Won Park |
Dr. Hae-Young Moon Lee |
Dr. Woo-Jeung Choi |
Dr. Qtae Jo |
Dr. Jang-Taek Yoon |
Dr. Jung-Uie Lee |
Dr. Dong-Lim Choi |
Professor Ik Kyo Chung |
Mr. Dug-Jae Kim |
|
U.S. Participants |
|
Dr. James P. McVey, U.S. Chairman |
Dr. Dosoo Jang, Executive Secretary |
Dr. Michael Rust |
Dr. Mac Vernon Rawson |
Dr. Charles Yarish |
Dr. Tzachi Samocha |
Dr. Charles Helsley |
Mr. John Curtis |
| Dr. Cheng-Sheng Lee Director Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture The Oceanic Institute Email: cslee@oceanicinstitute.org |
|
|
|
Appendix II |
|
Agenda |
|
the 1st Korea-U.S. Joint Coordination Meeting |
|
for Aquaculture Cooperation |
|
April 13-17, 2002 |
|
Seoul and Busan, Republic of Korea |
|
Saturday, April 13, 2002
|
Sunday, April 14, 2002 |
Meeting of Co-Chairs |
|
Part I. Opening Session: |
|
|
|
Appendix III |
|
Work Plan 2002-2003 |
|
| Shrimp Culture | |
| A. Nursery and grow-out | |
| Researchers of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station-Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility (TAES-SMRF), Corpus Christi, Texas have been involved for several years in intensive research program designed to develop cost-effective, sustainable and biosecured production practices for penaeid shrimp. This research was conducted at the TAES-SMRF and on shrimp farms in Texas, Arizona, Florida, Ecuador and Israel. | |
| Research conducted at the facility focused on native (e.g., Farfantepenaeus aztecus, F. duorarum and Litopenaeus setiferus) and exotic shrimp species (L. vannamei). These studies targeted wide range of research areas. | |
| Both Dr. Samocha and Dr. In Kwon Jang of the West Sea Fisheries Institute (WSFRI) will work to establish a mutual research program in the following areas, and both feel that focusing their research program on these topics will be mutually beneficial for both countries. We suggest focusing on the following topics: | |
1. To continue the development of biosecure environmentally friendly shrimp nursery and grow-out technologies. |
|
2. To develop closed recirculating systems for induced-maturation and postlarvae production penaeid shrimp. |
|
3. To exchange scientists between the two countries to study biosecure shrimp farming technologies. |
|
U.S. contact: Dr. Tzachi Samocha, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi |
|
| Korean contact: Dr. In Kwon Jang, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI | |
| B. Collaborative work on SPF/SPR broodstock shrimp development and shrimp disease control and diagnostic issues | |
| In partial financial support from NOAA, Dr. In Kwon Jang from the West Sea Fishery Research Institute/NFRDI visited from November 6-12, 2001, the University of Arizona in Tucson and the Arizona Mariculture Associates, the Woods Brothers Shrimp Farm, and the Arizona Shrimp Farm in Dateland, Arizona, USA to explore ideas for potential research possibilities and learn about the status of U.S. shrimp virus disease control and the development of specific pathogen free (SPF) stocks of the Chinese white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Dr. Hui Gong of the Arizona Mariculture Associates visited the West Sea Fishery Research Institute, NFRDI, and Pukyung University to import and establish broodstock for SPF lines of F. chinensis for use as a winter crop in Arizona. Under auspices of MOMAF-NOAA Arrangement for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in Integrated Coastal and Ocean Resources Management, the Arizona Mariculture Associates imported successfully a total of 148 adult shrimp from Korea in July 2001 as the first attempt. The University of Arizona, in collaboration with the Arizona Mariculture Associates, has already begun some-level of cooperation with Dr. In Kwon Jang of the West Sea Fishery Research Institute on white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and provided him with some purified WSSV and monoclonal antibodies to WSSV to supplement his research efforts on these topics in Korea. Both sides agreed to continue collaboration on: | |
| 1. Transfer of SPF broodstock of L. vannamei and implementation of production technology to Korea. | |
| 2. Development of SPF/SPR broodstock of Fenneropenaeus chinensis | |
| 3. Exchange of scientists between the two countries to develop diagnostic techniques of shrimp diseases. | |
| U.S. contacts: Dr. Donald Lightner, University of Arizona Mr. Josh Wilkenfeld, Arizona Mariculture Associates Dr. Tzachi Samocha, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi Korean contact: Dr. In Kwon Jang, West Sea Fishery Research Institute Dr. Myeong Ae Park, Pathology Division, NFRDI |
|
Shellfish Culture Both countries expressed their interest to share information and pursue mutual collaboration on the following four areas. Both parties agreed to further develop these interests more specifically through correspondence and introduce appropriate counterparts for each country. |
|
| 1. Exchange of information as to whether Suminoe oysters, Crassostrea ariakensis, live in Korean coastal waters, and opportunities for collaborative work around with this species as a potential culture species in the Chesapeake Bay in East Coast of the United States | |
| 2. Exchange of information and experience between the two countries on modeling of carrying capacity in oyster culture areas | |
| 3. Exchange of information and scientists in the field transgenic technologies of marine organisms particularly including shellfish and finfish | |
| 4. A joint collaboration on developing biomarkers for monitoring shellfish aquaculture in the marine environment | |
| U.S. contacts for topic #1-3: Dr. Jim McVey, Sea Grant College Program/NOAA Dr. Standish Allen, Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences U.S. contact for topic #4: Dr. Michael Rust, NWFSC/NMFS/NOAA Korean contact for topic #1-3: Dr. Doo-Won Park, Biotechnology Research Center/NFRDI Korean contact for topic #4: Dr. Qtae Jo, Aquaculture Department, NFRDI |
|
| Offshore Aquaculture
The Hawaii Open-Ocean Aquaculture Demonstration Program (HOARP) has demonstrated the feasibility of fully submerged culture of marine finfish in exposed offshore tropical waters. Submerged cages have several advantages. There is virtually no visual impact and thus cages can be deployed in areas where aesthetic values might otherwise preclude their deployment. There is no bird interaction. There is less likelihood that the cage will be damaged by storms for the cage is no longer at the high-energy ocean surface interface. There is an enhanced possibility for the culture of deeper water species of fish that otherwise would not tolerate culture conditions at the surface. The cost of maintenance of the cage system is much less, and there is the opportunity to conduct aquaculture activities in more exposed conditions further from shore. |
|
| Two research areas are of particular interest at this time. The first is to understand the causes of, and control of, biofouling. One of the more interesting aspects of our experiment has been the very low rate of biofouling of the cage. It is also possible that the submerged cage gets much less light than a surface cage and thus the growth rate of fouling organisms, predominantly algae, is much less than for cages at the surface. Since the changing, or cleaning, of the containment nets is one of the significant costs in any aquaculture operation, it is important that some follow-up research be done to establish the reason for our very low fouling vs. the rapid fouling that is normally experienced. A parallel experiment in Korea where the nutrient content of offshore waters is higher would assist in this understanding. Specific issues might include effects of nutrient content of the water, effects of light vs. depth, effects of temperature, and the type of attachment organisms. | |
| Secondly, the submerged cages appear to be much less damaged by storms and wave action. Experience during the past three years suggests that a submberged cage is subject to much less loading stress than a cage at the surface. This suggests that submerged cage culture can be conducted in areas that are not appropriate for surface cages and thus the area under culture can be enlarged. Cooperative research with Korea could result in additional documentation of this observation. Specific foci might include effects of storms, currents, predator species, and a comparison of surface and subsurface cages exposed to similar conditions. | |
| A more general issue is also present. This is the development of servicing facilities (feeding equipment, monitoring systems, and harvest methodologies) that are specifically designed to meet the needs of submerged cage culture in more remote and/or higher energy environments. Innovative interactions between researchers and practitioners in Hawaii and Korea could assist in better scientific and technological understanding of this development activity. Specific issues might include development of feeders, monitoring systems, harvest technology, underwater fish transfer and at sea (or even underwater) size grading of fish at time of harvest. | |
U.S. contact: Dr. Charles Helsley, University of Hawaii at Manoa |
|
Algae A. Seaweed cultivation, bioremediation, and biotechnology The University of Connecticut has begun some initial collaborations with Professor Jin-Ae Lee from Inje University. Dr. Charles Yarish of the University of Connecticut hosted Professor Lee while she was on sabbatical from January-through August, 2001. Professor Lee was involved in developing HPLC techniques for free amino acids in cultured Porphyra species. Professor Ik Kyo Chung from Pusan University recently began (January, 2002) a one year sabbatical in Dr. Yarish's laboratory to work on integrated aquaculture projects. The University of Connecticut has already established a bilateral cooperative agreement with Inje University. In September 2001, Dr. Yarish also made a tour of other Korean Universities and laboratories on behalf of NOAA. During this trip, Dr. Yarish met Dr. Mi-Sook Hwang at the Mokpo Laboratory of NFRDI. Dr. Yarish took an opportunity to discuss several areas of possible collaboration between NFRDI, the aforementioned Korean Universities and the University of Connecticut. |
|
| The objectives of these on-going collaborative research projects with Korea are: | |
| (1) To attempt to set up a small, pilot-scale Gim farm in US coastal waters using New England Porphyra species in conjunction with the Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquacultural High School (reciprocal exchanges of scientists and students are expected); | |
| (2) To do comparative physiological and developmental research on select American species and determine which species of Porphyra have the greatest nutrient removal abilities (from finfish and inorganic sources) under various conditions of irradiance, temperature, and water flow; | |
| (3) To conduct research on other possible candidate species for integrated aquaculture systems; | |
| (4) To study on nutritional analyses of seaweeds from various aquacultural environments for future application of seaweeds to aquafeeds; and | |
| (5) To develop ecosystem models to quantify integrated aquaculture systems. | |
| Culture experiments will be replicated factorial designs with four to five experimental factors: growth irradiance, temperature, N and P. All experiments will run for three weeks. Experimental replicates will be periodically sampled for photosynthetic measurements, nutrient and phycobiliprotein analyses. Nutrient uptake will be determined by the change in P and N concentrations in seawater and by the accumulation of nutrients in tissue (concentration X production using CHN analysis). Growth rate will be determined as change in dry weight. Phycobiliproteins and photosynthetic performance (photosynthesis-irradiance [P-I] relationships) will be assessed via standard techniques. Free amino acid composition will be done on samples using HPLC techniques. | |
| It is expected that the receiving side will arrange for living and research expenses, in the respective host country, for periods of up to six months for an invited scientist or a member of their laboratory. Korean collaborators will assist the University of Conectiicut in developing open water and land based integrative aquaculture systems. The exchange will include reciprocal research visits from our respective institutions to each country. This project will be in support of our current Connecticut Sea Grant College Program grant entitled, "Bioremediation of finfish aquaculture effluent via polyculture with Porphyra (Gim): culture, mesocosm, and field studies" and our recently funded project, under the National Marine Aquaculture Initiative Project entitled,"Development of an Integrated Recirculating Aquaculture System for Nutrient Bioremediation in Urban Aquaculture". | |
| The benefits of the proposed field and culture study are: | |
| (1) to assist with the technology transfer and development from the Koreans in the deployment of a demonstration Gim farm into Long Island Sound. This assistance will help in educating inner city high school (BRVAS) and university students in aquaculture techniques developed in Korea; | |
| (2) to increase mutual understanding of the growth potential of New England Porphyra species that are closely related to economically important sister species in Asia. This work will also supplement the University of Connecticut's current federally supported research in developing land-based integrated polytrophic culture systems that will reduce the discharge of inorganic nutrients into coastal waters. These studies are of particular importance for New England coastal waters because the coasts already suffer eutrophication to a greater or lesser extent and the ability of sequestering and removing nutrients by aquaculture techniques has the potential to reduce noxious blooms of harmful algae and reduce "green tides". By developing land-based systems to capture N and P during the production of salable Gim and biochemicals, operators of finfish and shellfish companies will be able to generate a product that more than compensates for their expenses. | |
| Both parties also agreed to further consider studies in relation to improving the aquaculture environment for sustainable seaweed culture; methods to create seaweed culture sites in coastal waters; information exchange on new biotechnology research and development with algae; and exchange of two post docs: one from Korean Gim farming field specialists and one from Korean seaweed physiologists. | |
| U.S. contacts: Dr. Charles Yarish, University of Connecticut Dr. Mac Rawson, University of Georgia Mr. John Curtis, Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School |
|
Korean contacts: Dr. Jang-Taek Yoon, South Sea Fishery Research Institute, NFRDI |
|
Finfish Culture Both sides recognized the importance of developing sustainable finfish production technology in meeting the future colleagues. To achieve this goal, we propose to:1. Exchange information on selected culture species regarding all aspects related to farming practices, and exchange of two scientists from both sides; 2. Conduct joint research on enhancing finfish wild stock such as impact assessment and tagging technology; and 3. Conduct research on closed finfish culture system comparing demersal fish vs. pelagic fish species. U.S. contact: Dr. Cheng-Sheng Lee, The Oceanic Institute |
|
Fish and Shellfish Nutrition and Feeds To better understand the statistics on finfish aquaculture fishery between the two countries, both parties expressed their interest to share and exchange data and information in the following categories: |
|
1. Study fish and shellfish feeding and nutrition, especially of Sebastes and Sciaenid fishes and abalone 2. Sustainable, environmentally-friendly feeds and utilization of by-products and other alternative protein sources 3. Names and contact information for American fish feed and feed materials producers 4. Updates and status of fish feeding and nutrition research from both countries 5. Set-up opportunities for one (1) scientist/post doc exchange |
|
| U.S. contact: Dr. Michael Rust, NWFSC/NMFS/NOAA Korean contact: Dr. Hae-Young Moon Lee, Aquaculture Department, NFRDI |
|
| Disease
To help develop and advance technologies to control aquatic organism disease and diagnostic technology for monitoring marine living resources, both countries expressed their intension to try to find out specialized and appropriate scientists to be matched up as counterparts to collaborate in the following areas: |
|
1. Health management of aquatic organisms 2. Research on virology and development of vaccines of aquatic organisms 3. Diagnostic technology for monitoring health of aquatic organisms 4. Scientists and students exchange |
|
| U.S. contact: Dr. Michael Rust, NWFSC/NMFS/NOAA Korean contact: Dr. Dong-Lim Choi, Pathology Division, NFRDI |
|
Ecosystem Modeling and Impacts of Aquaculture on Water Quality |
|
| In the past two decades, the marine ecosystems throughout the world have experienced over-utilization and over-development. This has resulted in loss of capacity of the marine systems to sustain living resources. In the future, it is essential that the world develop and implement long-term strategies for rebuilding and managing fisheries sustainability. The marine ecosystem is manifested through a complex coupling of biological, chemical, and physical processes. Understanding the interactions of these processes becomes a critical issue for the aquaculture industry and the conservation of living marine resources. An ecosystem modeling project results in a 3-dimensional ecosystem model. The modeling effort will focus on the integration of different aquaculture types in embayments. This model explores the nutrient exchanges, measures the aquaculture carrying capacity, shows some critical marine environmentally adversarial impacts by toxic pollutants through observational data; and provides visual and user-friendly packages for resource managers for decision making. The project will partner with seaweed cultivation, bioremediation, and biotechnology projects to develop integrated aquaculture at identified sites. Both sides agreed to establish exchange of scientists/post doctorates to develop model for the identified sites. | |
U.S. contacts: Dr. Mac Rawson, University of Georgia |
|
| Educational exchange on aquaculture | |
| Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School (BRVAS) is interested to develop an educational partnership with an interested, and similarly themed, school in the Republic of Korea. With the support and involvement of NOAA, BRVAS has successfully experienced this type of educational relationship with the China since 1994. | |
| BRVAS and Wando Fisheries High School have agreed to pursue an exchange of communication with each other through correspondence to further develop the following interests in the second half of 2002: | |
| 1. A two-year "introductory" commitment with the objective of being the "sister school" of BRVAS. Goals would be: | |
a. Educational exchange on a mutually agreed-upon project(s) b. Sharing of cultural differences/similarities through this venue c. Work to develop a reliable system of communication supporting distance learning/video conferencing efforts (i.e., existing university technology) |
|
| 2. Suggested to be in Spring of 2003, up to three (3) representatives of the BRVAS will visit the Wando Fisheries High School for up to two (2) weeks to review/discuss potential topics for collaboration. In-country costs associated with the visit will be the responsibility of the host site. | |
| 3. Suggested to be in the Fall of 2003, up to three (3) representatives of the Wando Fisheries High School will visit BRVAS for up to two (2) weeks to further discuss and finalize topic(s) for collaboration. In-country expenses associated with the visit will be the responsibility of the host site. | |
| 4. A recommended enhancement to the initial "sister school" cooperation between BRVAS and the selected Korean aquaculture-themed high school would be to explore the inclusion of a university partner on both sides that would support higher learning activities and standards. | |
U.S. contact: Mr. John Curtis, Bridgeport Regional Vocational Aquaculture School |
|
Aquaculture policy and management |
|
| Research in both countries seeks to provide the scientific bases for further enhancement and commercial activities with species not currently being cultured as well as support for existing industries. Specifically this research addresses these issues:
1. Development of culture systems (including engineering, feeds, and hatchery) for marine organisms 2. Biology and physiology of culture species especially dealing with development, growth and reproduction. 3. Affects of released organisms on ecology and genetics of receiving ecosystems and populations. 4. Environmental impacts and standards for marine aquaculture |
|
| Korea-U.S. Aquaculture Website | |
he participants agreed that this cooperation should have a website to reflect the accomplishments of the exchange and provide both the Korean and U.S. scientific communities with production figures and trends. This would be accomplished by each side involving information specialists to develop the necessary format and information fields. Two Korean officials, one from information program and one from research side of NFRDI, will initiate this cooperation by visiting the NOAA Library. Previous to visit, both sides will coordinate the content of the proposed web page. U.S. contact: Ms. Eileen McVey, The NOAA Library Korean contact: Dr. Young-Ju Jee, Aquaculture Department, NFRD |
|